In individuals with HIV/AIDS, 47% of the deaths are attributed to invasive fungal infections\n(IFIs), despite antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. This is a retrospective study carried out in the Hospital\nRegional de Alta Especialidad Oaxaca (HRAEO), southwest Mexico, where IFIs that occurred\nduring 2016â??2017 are described. A total of 55 individuals were included. Histoplasmosis (36%)\nand possible-IFIs in neutropenic fever (20%) were the most frequent cases, followed by cryptococcosis\n(14%). The HIV/AIDS subpopulation corresponded with 26 cases (47%), all from an indigenous\norigin. The incidence of IFIs among them was 24% (95% CI = 15â??33%). The CD4+ T cells median was\n35 cells/mL (IQR 12â??58). Four cases (15%) of unmasking IRIS were identified, three of histoplasmosis\nand one coccidioidomycosis. Co-infections were found in 52% (12/23), and tuberculosis in 50% (6/12)\nwas the most frequent. The mortality rate was 48%. The general characteristics of the HIV individuals\nwho died were atypical pneumonia (70% vs. 9%, p = 0.01), acute kidney injury, (70% vs. 9%, p = 0.008)\nand ICU stay (80% vs. 9%, p = 0.002). In conclusion, IFIs are diagnosed in one out of four individuals\nwith HIV/AIDS along with other complicated infectious conditions, leading to major complications\nand a high mortality rate.
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